https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/ fa https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/faculty/104512 <span>معصومه وطن دوست</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/136" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ghanemi</span></span> <span>ی, 02/20/1405 - 13:04</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">email</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">m.vatandoust@pgu.ac.ir</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-family field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">family</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/104512" hreflang="fa">وطن دوست</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-googlescholar field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">GoogleScholar</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rBzVDIEAAAAJthl%3Den">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rBzVDIEAAAAJthl%3Den</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-homepage field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Homepage</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="http://research.pgu.ac.ir/~Vatandoost/">http://research.pgu.ac.ir/~Vatandoost/</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-inline"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/1405-02/IMG_20260510_140928.jpg?itok=bg4Rz1OD" width="67" height="100" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-martabeh field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Martabeh</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/15" hreflang="fa">استادیار</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/104512" hreflang="fa">معصومه</a></div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-professorcode field--type-integer field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">professorcode</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">104512</div> </div> Sun, 10 May 2026 09:34:05 +0000 ghanemi 603 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/faculty/121587 <span>راضیه خسروی</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/136" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ghanemi</span></span> <span>ش, 02/19/1405 - 13:59</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">email</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">r.khosravi@pgu.ac.ir</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-family field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">family</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/121587" hreflang="fa">خسروی</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-googlescholar field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">GoogleScholar</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&amp;user=DN5r8oYAAAAJ">https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&amp;user=DN5r8oYAAAAJ</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-inline"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/1405-02/ax3x4.jpg?itok=JgYAt00C" width="79" height="100" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-martabeh field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Martabeh</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/15" hreflang="fa">استادیار</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/121587" hreflang="fa">راضیه </a></div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-orcid field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ORCID</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2059-0101">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2059-0101</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-professorcode field--type-integer field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">professorcode</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">121587</div> </div> Sat, 09 May 2026 10:29:46 +0000 ghanemi 602 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/595 <span>گوگرد‌زدایی و رنگ‌زدایی از میعانات گازی با استفاده از روش جذب سطحی</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/136" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ghanemi</span></span> <span>د, 01/31/1405 - 10:44</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2026-04-22T13:00:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1405-01/%D9%85%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AF%20%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C.jpg" width="720" height="970" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت،گاز و پتروشیمی، لینک جلسه: https://meet.pgu.ac.ir/b/app-twc-4vr</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">مجتبی عباسی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"> آقای دکتر رضا آذین - آقای دکتر شهریار عصفوری </div> </div> Mon, 20 Apr 2026 07:14:53 +0000 ghanemi 595 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/581 <span>پیش‌بینی رفتار تولیدی یک چاه در مخازن نفتی: تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های تولید با استفاده از منحنی‌های افت دبی و روش‌های هوشمند</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/136" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ghanemi</span></span> <span>ی, 11/05/1404 - 14:50</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2026-01-26T10:00:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1404-11/%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%20%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1.jpg" width="720" height="970" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی، سالن خوارزمی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">زهرا حسین پور</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">ابوالفضل دهقان منفرد</div> </div> Sun, 25 Jan 2026 11:20:19 +0000 ghanemi 581 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/544 <span>تاثیر گازهای محافظ (Cushion gas) حین ذخیره سازی هیدروژن بر تغییرات ترشوندگی ( IFT و Contact angle )، گرانروی و ظرفیت جذب گاز در مخزن با محوریت یادگیری ماشین</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/136" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">ghanemi</span></span> <span>ی, 07/27/1404 - 14:15</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2025-10-20T11:30:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1404-07/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%DB%8C%20%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C.jpg" width="720" height="970" alt="مهدی مالکی" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی، ‌سالن ابوریحان</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">مهدی مالکی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دکتر علی رنجبر - دکتر یوسف کاظم زاده</div> </div> Sun, 19 Oct 2025 10:45:44 +0000 ghanemi 544 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/faculty/121658 <span>ندا کلانتري</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/134" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">roshan</span></span> <span>چ, 07/23/1404 - 09:23</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-family field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">family</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/121658" hreflang="fa">کلانتري</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-googlescholar field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">GoogleScholar</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=b-p4CdsAAAAJ&amp;hl=en">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=b-p4CdsAAAAJ&amp;hl=en</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-inline"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/1404-10/342.jpg?itok=UDJCN5oG" width="75" height="100" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-linkedin field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">LinkedIn</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/neda-k-965b28200?lipi=urn%3Ali%3Apage%3Ad_flagship3_profile_view_base_contact_details%3B8JLgz%2Bt5Qr%2BvH%2BUHhNpqUw%3D%3D">https://www.linkedin.com/in/neda-k-965b28200?lipi=urn%3Ali%3Apage%3Ad_flagship3…</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-martabeh field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Martabeh</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/15" hreflang="fa">استادیار</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/121658" hreflang="fa">ندا</a></div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-orcid field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ORCID</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-0141">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-0141</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-professorcode field--type-integer field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">professorcode</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">121658</div> </div> Wed, 15 Oct 2025 05:53:13 +0000 roshan 540 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/faculty/102032 <span>یوسف کاظم زاده</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/134" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">roshan</span></span> <span>ش, 07/05/1404 - 08:44</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">email</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">yusefkazemzade@pgu.ac.ir</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-family field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">family</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/102032" hreflang="fa">کاظم زاده</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-googlescholar field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">GoogleScholar</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citationsuser=grCDDvMAAAAJANDhl=en">https://scholar.google.com/citationsuser=grCDDvMAAAAJANDhl=en</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-homepage field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Homepage</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="http://research.pgu.ac.ir/~ykazemzadeh/">http://research.pgu.ac.ir/~ykazemzadeh/</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-inline"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/1404-10/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%85%20%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87.jpg?itok=n46ypyZL" width="67" height="100" alt="1" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-linkedin field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">LinkedIn</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://ir.linkedin.com/in/yousef-kazemzadeh-84731970original_referer=https3A2F2Fwww.bing.com2F">https://ir.linkedin.com/in/yousef-kazemzadeh-84731970original_referer=https3A2F…</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-martabeh field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Martabeh</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/15" hreflang="fa">استادیار</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/faculty/102032" hreflang="fa">یوسف</a></div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-professorcode field--type-integer field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">professorcode</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">102032</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-researchgate field--type-link field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Researchgate</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yousef-Kazemzadeh">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yousef-Kazemzadeh</a></div> </div> Sat, 27 Sep 2025 05:14:16 +0000 roshan 536 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/531 <span>بررسی و پیش‌بینی تراوایی نسبی سیستم دوفازی گاز کربن‌دی‌اکسید-آب: مطالعه پارامتری و رویکردهای مدل‌سازی</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/135" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">fpgpe</span></span> <span>س, 06/25/1404 - 09:56</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2025-09-22T10:30:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1404-06/Slide1_5.JPG" width="720" height="970" alt="فهیمه" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی-سالن ابوریحان</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">فهیمه سلیمی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دکتر ابوالفضل دهقان منفرد</div> </div> Tue, 16 Sep 2025 06:26:12 +0000 fpgpe 531 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/526 <span>تلفیق داده‌های پتروفیزیکی و واحد نمودارگیری گل با هدف ارزیابی مخرنی</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/135" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">fpgpe</span></span> <span>چ, 06/12/1404 - 07:44</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2025-09-06T08:00:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1404-06/Slide1_0.JPG" width="720" height="970" alt="معین کافی" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی-سالن پورسینا</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">معین کافی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دکتر علی رنجبر</div> </div> Wed, 03 Sep 2025 04:14:00 +0000 fpgpe 526 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir/thesis-defense/508 <span>جلسه دفاع: کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</span> <span><span lang="" about="/user/135" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">fpgpe</span></span> <span>چ, 12/01/1403 - 13:35</span> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-eventdate field--type-datetime field--label-hidden w3-bar-item field__item">2025-02-25T11:30:00</div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-department field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">department</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/5" hreflang="fa">گروه مهندسی نفت</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-padding w3-left field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Image</label> <div class="field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/1403-12/Slide1.JPG" width="720" height="970" alt="جلسه دفاع" typeof="foaf:Image" class="w3-image" /> </div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-grade field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">grade</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item"><a href="/taxonomy/term/12" hreflang="fa">کارشناسی ارشد ناپیوسته</a></div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-location field--type-text field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">location</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دانشکده مهندسی نفت، گاز و پتروشیمی-سالن خوارزمی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">Name</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">امیرجواد برهانی</div> </div> <div class="w3-section field field--name-field-profname field--type-string field--label-above"> <label class="field__label">ProfName</label> <div class="w3-bar-item field__item">دکتر علی رنجبر و دکتر یوسف کاظم زاده</div> </div> Wed, 19 Feb 2025 10:05:18 +0000 fpgpe 508 at https://fpgpe.pgu.ac.ir